How many pheras are there in a Hindu wedding and what do they mean?

There are usually seven pheras, or steps taken around the sacred fire, each representing a vow the couple makes to each other. Some families follow four or twelve instead.

The pheras are among the most important parts of the ceremony. As the couple walks around the fire, a priest recites a prayer for each step, and the couple repeats it. These vows cover the main areas of married life, such as nourishment, strength, prosperity, family, health, harmony and lifelong friendship.

The exact wording and number of pheras depend on the couple's region, sect and family traditions. A North Indian couple may take seven steps, while a South Indian couple might take four, and some communities take twelve. The meaning stays similar even when the number changes.

Guests should stay seated and quiet during the pheras, as this is a sacred moment. Photographers often move to capture the steps from a distance without disturbing the ritual. If you are unsure what is happening, follow the lead of the bridal party or ask a family member quietly.