What is a formal wedding guest dress code?

Formal, sometimes called black tie optional or evening dress, is a step above smart casual and semi-formal. It is common for evening weddings, especially in hotels, country houses or churches. For men, a dark suit in navy, charcoal or black is the standard, paired with a crisp shirt and a tie. A waistcoat is optional but adds formality. You do not need a tuxedo unless the invitation says black tie, but a tuxedo is acceptable if you have one. For women, a floor-length gown is the safest choice, but a midi dress in a luxurious fabric like silk, satin or velvet also works. Avoid short hemlines, casual fabrics like cotton or jersey, and anything too revealing. Accessories matter: polished shoes, a small clutch, and minimal but elegant jewellery. For men, dress shoes like Oxfords or loafers, and for women, heels or dressy flats. If the wedding is in a place of worship, check whether shoulders and knees need to be covered, and bring a shawl or jacket. Formal does not mean uncomfortable, so choose fabrics that breathe and shoes you can dance in. If you are unsure, ask the couple or check the wedding website for guidance.